Ububiko bw'ingufu burimo kumenyekana kuri gride ya Californiya mugihe amashanyarazi ateganijwe yaguka kandi akiyongera mumyaka iri imbere.(Dr. Emmett Brown gusa birashoboka.)
15 NYAKANGA 2021YOHANA FITZGERALD WEAVER
Umukinnyi mushya urimo gufata umwanya mwisoko ryamashanyarazi ya Californiya.Injira ububiko bwa lithium-ion.
Isi yabonye iyi mpinduramatwara ije mu myaka yashize, ariko umuvuduko wihuta kuva mu mpeshyi ya 2019, igihe abashinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa bya Californiya hamwe n’ibikorwa bya mberebyahanuwe ko amasaha ntarengwa azagera muri Nzeri 2020.
Abagenzuzi bavuze ko “isaha yo hejuru y’umuriro w'amashanyarazi mu mwaka ibaho muri Nzeri… mu isaha irangira 17 (ishingiye kuri PST cyangwa saa kumi n'ebyiri za nimugoroba PDT).Kugeza mu 2022, impinga ihinduka ku isaha irangira 18. ”
Nkuko tubibona mu mbonerahamwe (kandi byerekanwe nudusanduku twera dusobanurwa ngo "ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga"), hari amasaha atatu kugeza kuri ane aho abagenzuzi bahanura ibura.
Muri 2020, iryo gabanuka ryageze kuri MW 6.000 mu masaha atatu.Muri 2021, abagenzuzi bongeyeho isaha kandi bongera ubwinshi bwibura muri buri dirishya ryisaha imwe, bituma ibura ryose rigera kuri MW 14.400.Uyu mubare wongeye kwaguka muri 2021 ugera kuri MW 15.400 ya “ingufu zabuze” mu masaha ane.
Kugira ngo ikibazo gikemuke (no kwishyura indishyi za kirimbuzi zigiye gufunga), Californiya iherutse gufata icyemezoamasoko11.5 GW yingufu zisukuye zikomoka kumikoro ahagije muri 2026. Ibyo byerekana ubushobozi bwako kanya, umubare sisitemu nyinshi zo kubika ingufu zigomba gukomeza byibuze amasaha ane.
Amasoko arasaba ijanisha ryingufu zisukuye kuboneka nkububiko bwigihe kirekire, mumasaha hafi 10.Ibyo birashobora gusobanurwa hejuru ya 60 GWh yo kubika ingufu zisukuye zongerewe kuri gride mumyaka icumi iri imbere.
Nibintu byinshi bibika ingufu muri kazoza ka Californiya.Ariko mu gihe abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere bagenda bumva impungenge z’umuriro watewe na Californiya, umuriro wihutirwa urahari.
Ku bw'amahirwe, MW 2000 z'ubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu ziraza kumurongo bitarenze 1 Kanama, kuri komisiyo ishinzwe ibikorwa rusange bya Californiya.Byinshi muri ubwo bushobozi bizaba bifite amasaha ane yingufu za bateri yicaye inyuma, hafi 8000 MWh yose hamwe.
Nkibisobanuro byibyo ubwo bushobozi bugomba gutanga, turimo kubona ibintu byambere dukoreshejeCaliforniya ISO Ibicapo.
Ku ya 9 Nyakanga saa kumi n'ebyiri n'igice za mu gitondo, umuyoboro mukuru wa Kaliforuniya wavuze ko ububiko bw'ingufu bwinjije MW 999 z'amashanyarazi mu gihe cya “flex event” aho hashobora kubaho umwijima mwinshi.
Reba igihe cyo kwishyuza bateri, hano nayo.Mugihe izuba rya Kaliforuniya ryiyongera ku manywa, kubika ingufu bizagenda bikemura amashanyarazi ahendutse kugeza aho kubika ingufu bishobora guhinduka umwanya wa baseload.
Imwe murugero rwambere rwibintu bikomeye byo kwishyurwa byabaye ku ya 14 Nyakanga saa 9h15, kandi twabigejejweho na Californiya y’ingufu za geekJoe Deely.Dore uko byari bimeze:
Isesengura ryisubiramo ryibiciro byamashanyarazi muri kiriya gihe birashobora kuduha kwerekana impamvu izo bateri zatoranijwe kwishyurwa muriki gihe.
Babiri muri bateri nini za lithium ion nini ku isi zagize uruhare muri ubwo bushobozi, kandi zashyigikiraga gride mugihe cyibikorwa bya flex.
Iya mbere ni LS Power's230MW Lithium ion ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu, byari biteganijwe kwiyongera kuva kuri 230MWh kugeza kuri 690MWh muriyi mpeshyi, no kongerera ubushobozi kumunsi ukurikira.Iki gihingwa, mumwanya muto uko byagenda kose, imwe muma nini ya lithium ion gride ihuza isi.
Ikigo cya kabiri ni Moss Landing's300 MW / 1,200 MWh- na none, kimwe mu binini ku isi kugeza ubu - cyinjiye muri gride mu Kuboza 2020. Iki kigo gishobora kwaguka vuba kuri 1.5 GW / 6 GWh.
Reka twese dukomere, kuko - ntabwo ari kure cyane mugihe kizaza - tuzabona 1.21 GW… Doc Brown ya flux capacitor itabishaka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-01-2022