Batare yizuba irashobora kuba inyongera yingenzi mumashanyarazi yizuba.Iragufasha kubika amashanyarazi arenze urugero ushobora gukoresha mugihe imirasire yizuba yawe idatanga ingufu zihagije, kandi iguha uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha urugo rwawe.
Niba ushaka igisubizo cya, "Batteri yizuba ikora ite?", Iyi ngingo izasobanura icyo bateri yizuba aricyo, siyanse yizuba, uko bateri yizuba ikorana na sisitemu yizuba, nibyiza muri rusange byo gukoresha izuba ububiko bwa batiri.
Bateri y'izuba ni iki?
Reka duhere ku gisubizo cyoroshye kubibazo, “Bateri y'izuba ni iki?”:
Batare yizuba nigikoresho ushobora kongeramo sisitemu yizuba kugirango ubike amashanyarazi arenze akomoka kumirasire yizuba.
Urashobora noneho gukoresha izo mbaraga zabitswe kugirango uhindure urugo rwawe mugihe imirasire yizuba idatanga amashanyarazi ahagije, harimo nijoro, iminsi yibicu, no mugihe umuriro wabuze.
Ingingo ya batiri yizuba nugufasha gukoresha ingufu nyinshi zizuba urimo gukora.Niba udafite ububiko bwa batiri, amashanyarazi arenze ayakomoka kumirasire y'izuba ajya kuri gride, bivuze ko ubyara amashanyarazi ukayaha abandi bantu udakoresheje neza amashanyarazi paneli yawe ikora mbere.
Kubindi bisobanuro, reba ibyacuImiyoboro ya Batiri izuba: Inyungu, Ibiranga, nigiciro
Ubumenyi bwa Batiri izuba
Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion nuburyo buzwi cyane bwa bateri yizuba kurubu ku isoko.Ubu ni tekinoroji imwe ikoreshwa kuri terefone zigendanwa hamwe na bateri zifite tekinoroji yo hejuru.
Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion ikora binyuze mumiti ibika ingufu za chimique mbere yo kuyihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Igisubizo kibaho mugihe lithium ion irekuye electroni yubusa, kandi izo electron ziva muri anode zashizwemo nabi kuri cathode yuzuye neza.
Uru rugendo rurashishikarizwa kandi rukazamurwa na lithium-umunyu electrolyte, amazi imbere muri bateri iringaniza reaction itanga ion nziza zikenewe.Uru rugendo rwa electroni yubuntu irema ibyingenzi bikenewe kugirango abantu bakoresha amashanyarazi.
Iyo ukuye amashanyarazi muri bateri, ion ya lithium isubira inyuma hejuru ya electrolyte kuri electrode nziza.Muri icyo gihe, electron ziva kuri electrode mbi igana kuri electrode nziza ikoresheje umuzenguruko wo hanze, igaha ibikoresho byacometse.
Inzu yo kubika ingufu z'izuba murugo ihuza selile nyinshi za ion hamwe na elegitoroniki ihanitse igenga imikorere n'umutekano bya sisitemu yose ya batiri.Rero, bateri yizuba ikora nka bateri zishishwa zikoresha imbaraga zizuba nkigitekerezo cyambere gitangira inzira yose yo gukora amashanyarazi.
Kugereranya tekinoroji yo kubika bateri
Iyo bigeze ku bwoko bwa batiri yizuba, hari ibintu bibiri bisanzwe: lithium-ion na aside-aside.Imirasire y'izuba ikunda bateri ya lithium-ion kuko ishobora kubika ingufu nyinshi, gufata izo mbaraga kurenza izindi bateri, kandi ikagira Ubujyakuzimu bukabije.
Azwi kandi nka DoD, Ubujyakuzimu bwa Discharge ni ijanisha rishobora gukoreshwa na bateri, bijyanye nubushobozi bwayo bwose.Kurugero, niba bateri ifite DoD ya 95%, irashobora gukoresha neza 95% yubushobozi bwa bateri mbere yuko ikenera kwishyurwa.
Batteri ya Litiyumu-Ion
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, abakora bateri bahitamo tekinoroji ya batiri ya lithium-ion kubijyanye na DoD yo hejuru, ubuzima bwizewe, ubushobozi bwo gufata ingufu nyinshi mugihe kirekire, nubunini bworoshye.Nyamara, kubera izo nyungu nyinshi, bateri ya lithium-ion nayo ihenze ugereranije na bateri ya aside-aside.
Amashanyarazi ya Acide
Bateri ya aside-aside (tekinoroji imwe na bateri nyinshi yimodoka) imaze imyaka myinshi, kandi yakoreshejwe cyane nka sisitemu yo kubika ingufu murugo muburyo bwo guhitamo amashanyarazi.Mugihe bakiri kumasoko kubiciro byoroheje mumifuka, gukundwa kwabo biragenda bigabanuka kubera DoD nkeya kandi igihe gito.
Ububiko bwa AC bubitswe hamwe na DC Ububiko bubitswe
Kwishyira hamwe bivuga uburyo imirasire yizuba yawe yashizwemo na sisitemu yo kubika bateri, kandi amahitamo ni guhuza (DC) guhuza cyangwa guhinduranya amashanyarazi (AC).Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati yibi byombi biri munzira yafashwe namashanyarazi imirasire yizuba ikora.
Imirasire y'izuba ikora amashanyarazi ya DC, kandi ko amashanyarazi ya DC agomba guhinduka amashanyarazi AC mbere yuko akoreshwa murugo rwawe.Nyamara, bateri yizuba irashobora kubika amashanyarazi ya DC gusa, kuburyo hariho inzira zitandukanye zo guhuza bateri yizuba mumashanyarazi yizuba.
Ububiko bwa DC
Hamwe na DC ihuza, amashanyarazi ya DC yakozwe nizuba ryizuba anyura mumashanyarazi hanyuma akinjira muri bateri yizuba.Nta gihinduka kiriho mbere yo kubika, kandi guhinduka kuva DC kuri AC bibaho gusa mugihe bateri yohereje amashanyarazi murugo rwawe, cyangwa igasubira muri gride.
Bateri yububiko ihuriweho na DC irakora neza, kuko amashanyarazi akeneye guhinduka gusa kuva DC ujya AC rimwe.Ariko, ububiko bwa DC busanzwe busaba kwishyiriraho ibintu bigoye, bishobora kongera igiciro cyambere kandi bikongerera igihe rusange cyo kwishyiriraho.
Ububiko bwa AC
Hamwe na AC, amashanyarazi ya DC akomoka kumirasire yizuba yawe anyura muri inverter mbere kugirango ahindurwe mumashanyarazi ya AC kugirango akoreshwe burimunsi nibikoresho murugo rwawe.Umuyoboro wa AC urashobora kandi koherezwa muri inverter zitandukanye kugirango uhindurwe usubire muri DC kugirango ubike muri bateri yizuba.Igihe kirageze cyo gukoresha ingufu zabitswe, amashanyarazi ava muri bateri agasubira muri inverter kugirango ahindurwe mumashanyarazi ya AC murugo rwawe.
Hamwe nububiko bwa AC buhujwe, amashanyarazi ahindurwamo inshuro eshatu zitandukanye: rimwe iyo uva mumirasire yizuba winjira munzu, undi mugihe uvuye murugo ujya mububiko bwa bateri, nubwa gatatu iyo uva mububiko bwa batiri ugasubira munzu.Buri inversion itera igihombo cyiza, kuberako ububiko bwa AC buhujwe ntibukora neza ugereranije na sisitemu ya DC.
Bitandukanye nububiko bwa DC bubika ingufu ziva mumirasire yizuba gusa, kimwe mubyiza byingenzi byububiko bwa AC ni uko ishobora kubika ingufu ziva mumirasire y'izuba hamwe na gride.Ibi bivuze ko nubwo imirasire yizuba yawe idatanga amashanyarazi ahagije kugirango yishyure bateri yawe yose, urashobora kuzuza bateri amashanyarazi kuva kuri gride kugirango iguhe ingufu zinyuma, cyangwa kugirango ukoreshe ubukemurampaka bwumuriro.
Biroroshye kandi kuzamura sisitemu yizuba iriho hamwe nububiko bwa AC-bufatanije, kuko irashobora kongerwaho gusa hejuru yuburyo bwa sisitemu ihari, aho gukenera kwinjizwa muri yo.Ibi bituma ububiko bwa AC bufatanije bubikwa cyane muburyo bwo kwisubiramo.
Uburyo Batteri Solar ikorana na sisitemu yizuba
inzira yose itangirana nizuba ryizuba hejuru yinzu.Dore intambwe-ku-ntambwe yo gusenya ibiba hamwe na sisitemu ya DC:
1. Imirasire y'izuba ikubita imirasire y'izuba kandi ingufu zigahinduka amashanyarazi ya DC.
2. Amashanyarazi yinjira muri bateri kandi abikwa nkamashanyarazi ya DC.
3. Amashanyarazi ya DC noneho asiga bateri akinjira muri inverter kugirango ahindurwe amashanyarazi AC urugo rushobora gukoresha.
Inzira iratandukanye gato na sisitemu ya AC.
1. Imirasire y'izuba ikubita imirasire y'izuba kandi ingufu zigahinduka amashanyarazi ya DC.
2. Amashanyarazi yinjira muri inverter kugirango ahindurwe amashanyarazi AC urugo rushobora gukoresha.
3. Amashanyarazi arenze noneho anyura muyindi inverter kugirango ahinduke mumashanyarazi ya DC ashobora kubikwa nyuma.
4. Niba inzu ikeneye gukoresha ingufu zabitswe muri bateri, ayo mashanyarazi agomba kongera kunyura muri inverter kugirango ahinduke amashanyarazi ya AC.
Uburyo Batteri Solar ikorana na Hybrid Inverter
Niba ufite inverteri ya Hybrid, igikoresho kimwe gishobora guhindura amashanyarazi ya DC mumashanyarazi ya AC kandi irashobora no guhindura amashanyarazi AC mumashanyarazi ya DC.Nkigisubizo, ntukeneye inverteri ebyiri muri sisitemu yawe ya Photovoltaque (PV): imwe yo guhindura amashanyarazi mumirasire y'izuba (inverter izuba) indi kugirango uhindure amashanyarazi muri bateri yizuba (inverteri ya bateri).
Bizwi kandi nka inverter ishingiye kuri bateri cyangwa imashini ya gride ihujwe na inverter, inverter ya Hybrid ihuza inverteri ya batiri hamwe nizuba ryizuba mugice kimwe cyibikoresho.Bikuraho gukenera kugira inverteri ebyiri zitandukanye muburyo bumwe mukora nka inverter kumashanyarazi yombi aturuka kumirasire y'izuba hamwe namashanyarazi ava mumirasire y'izuba.
Hybrid inverters igenda yiyongera mubyamamare kuko ikorana kandi idafite ububiko bwa batiri.Urashobora kwinjizamo imvange ya sisitemu muri bateri-idafite ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba mugihe cyo gutangira kwambere, iguha uburyo bwo kongeramo ububiko bw'izuba munsi y'umurongo.
Inyungu zo Kubika Bateri izuba
Ongeraho bateri yububiko bwa panneaux solaire ninzira nziza yo kwemeza ko wunguka byinshi mumashanyarazi yizuba.Dore zimwe mu nyungu zingenzi za sisitemu yo kubika batiri izuba:
Ububiko Amashanyarazi arenze
Imirasire y'izuba irashobora kubyara ingufu zirenze izo ukeneye, cyane cyane kumunsi wizuba mugihe ntamuntu uri murugo.Niba udafite ububiko bw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ingufu zirenze izoherezwa kuri gride.Niba witabiriye agahunda yo gupima net, urashobora kubona inguzanyo kuri kiriya gisekuru cyiyongereye, ariko mubisanzwe ntabwo ari igipimo cya 1: 1 kumashanyarazi utanga.
Hamwe nububiko bwa batiri, amashanyarazi yinyongera yishyuza bateri yawe kugirango ikoreshwe nyuma, aho kujya kuri gride.Urashobora gukoresha ingufu zabitswe mugihe cyibisekuru byo hasi, bigabanya kwishingikiriza kuri gride kumashanyarazi.
Itanga Ubutabazi Kubura Amashanyarazi
Kubera ko bateri zawe zishobora kubika ingufu zirenze zakozwe nizuba ryizuba, urugo rwawe ruzaba rufite amashanyarazi mugihe umuriro wabuze nibindi bihe iyo gride yamanutse.
Kugabanya Ikirenge cyawe
Hamwe nububiko bwa batiri yizuba, urashobora kugenda rwatsi ukoresheje ingufu zisukuye zakozwe na sisitemu yizuba.Niba izo mbaraga zitabitswe, uzashingira kuri gride mugihe imirasire yizuba yawe idatanga umusaruro uhagije kubyo ukeneye.Nyamara, amashanyarazi menshi ya gride yakozwe hifashishijwe ibicanwa biva mu kirere, bityo ushobora kuba ukoresha ingufu zanduye mugihe ushushanya kuri gride.
Itanga amashanyarazi na nyuma yuko izuba rirenze
Iyo izuba rirenze kandi imirasire y'izuba idatanga amashanyarazi, gride yinjira kugirango itange ingufu zikenewe cyane niba udafite ububiko bwa batiri.Hamwe na batiri yizuba, uzakoresha amashanyarazi menshi yizuba nijoro, biguha ubwigenge bwingufu kandi bikagufasha kwishyuza amashanyarazi make.
Igisubizo gituje cyo kubika imbaraga zikenewe
Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni uburyo bwo kubika amashanyarazi 100%.Urabona inyungu zo kubungabunga ingufu zisukuye kubuntu, kandi ntugomba guhangana n urusaku ruva mumashanyarazi akoreshwa na gaze.
Ibyingenzi
Kumva uburyo bateri yizuba ikora nibyingenzi niba utekereza kongeramo ububiko bwingufu zizuba muri sisitemu yizuba.Kuberako ikora nka bateri nini yumuriro murugo rwawe, urashobora kwifashisha ingufu zizuba zirenze izuba imirasire yizuba ikora, iguha kugenzura neza nigihe ukoresha ingufu zizuba.
Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion nubwoko bukunzwe cyane bwa batiri yizuba, kandi ikora binyuze mumiti ibika ingufu, hanyuma ikayirekura nkingufu zamashanyarazi kugirango ukoreshe murugo rwawe.Waba uhisemo DC ihujwe, AC-ihujwe, cyangwa sisitemu ya Hybrid, urashobora kongera inyungu kubushoramari bwamashanyarazi akomoka kumirasire y'izuba udashingiye kuri gride.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-09-2022